Graduated in Business Administration, he holds an M.Sc. and a Ph.D. in Agricultural Economics from Iowa State University. He was an Economics professor at FGV – Fundação Getulio Vargas in São Paulo for 22 years, teaching undergraduate and graduate courses (MBA, master's, and doctorate). With extensive experience in negotiations and trade disputes at the ITC (International Trade Commission) and the World Trade Organization, Dr. Nastari served the Brazilian government as Chief Economist in trade disputes involving ethanol exports to the United States, subsidized sugar exports from the European Union, the common banana import regime in the European Union, and the Brazilian regime for the import of used and retreaded tires. Dr. Nastari is a member of the World Sugar Committee at ICE Futures (Intercontinental Exchange) in New York, where recommendations are made for improvements in contract rules and other matters related to the global sugar trade. Plínio Mario Nastari is an external advisor to the Company, with no current commercial, employment, or managerial ties to the organization; however, he is not an independent director.